A Review of Chapter 4: Testimonials and Case Study Evidence
In the previous chapter, we reviewed the type of evidence used to support a theory and the ways it may be considered true. · Evidence from case studies and testimonials can be very useful at early stages of a psychological investigation However, case study information is useful only as a starting point as to what needs further investigation
· In the later stages, they become useless because of:
	1. The Placebo Effect: individuals reporting on the effectiveness of treatment, no matter what type of treatment was given or how effective it really was 2. The Vividness Effect: individuals reporting evidence that is specifically more vivid and therefore relying on this as evidence to a certain claim
Amazing Randi exposed the fraud of “psychic abilities” Up Next…Chapter 5: Correlation and Causation
· In the previous chapter, we looked at the precautions when considering case study evidence and testimonials
· In Chapter 5, we will look at another area that needs to be considered with caution: Correlation and Causation
· Here we discuss the presence of a correlation and how it does not automatically imply causation Home